Can Be a Preferability Between Induction Anesthetic Agents for Fracture Surgery. Histopathological and Biomechanical Approach on Rats

As the effect of many medical agents such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics were investigated on bone fracture healing, there is no study about the anesthetic agents when compared histopathologically and biomechanically. We asked the question that if a superiority can be between them since we operate many fractures and see the delayed or nonunions. Although different anesthetic agents are used in general anesthesia, the effects of these substances on bone fracture healing are not clear. Here, we intended to research different anesthetic agents on fracture union in rats. The study was done between January 2020 and November 2021 in a university animal research laboratory. Totally 48 male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 250–300[Formula: see text]g were seperated into 3 groups as Tiyopental Na in Group 1, Ketamin in Group 2 and Propofol in Group 3. For anesthesia; 40, 100, 100[Formula: see text]mg/kg of single dosages were injected intraperitoneally, respectively. A shaft fracture was created bilaterally to the tibia of all rats. Kirschner (K) wire is used for the fixation of fractures. Biomechanical and histopathological examination in bones is performed at the end of the first and second months in terms of fracture healing. It has been found that the fracture union in group 1 was statistically signifigant higher than group 3 at the end of the first and second months histopathologically (P = 0.006, P = 0.002). It is also found there is a statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 3 after the second month biomechanically (P = 0.013). Although the union was higher in group 1 than group 2 histopathologically and biomechanically after the first and second months, there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.376, 0.039; P = 0.028, 0.867). There was a general trend in the decrease of union measurements starting from group 1 to 3 at the end of the first and second month both histopathologically and biomechanically. In this study, it is found that there was a positive consistency between histopathological and biomechanical results with respect to bone union. They supported each other. Fracture healing is stronger in rats that were anesthetized by using thiopental than those using ketamine and propofol, we think that this may affect the choice of anesthetic agent and further studies are needed.