This methods preprint defines a maintained nonequilibrium steady state as time-invariant selected state variables supported by balanced throughput and stable control response, not zero flux or equilibrium. Version 2 uses continuous- and discrete-time state-space stability criteria and keeps control energy, actuator limits, robustness, and failure state inside the ledger. No controller performance is represented as experimentally validated. d.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Andrew Roebuck (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: