What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Review. Population: Prediabetes and Diabetes.

What does this research mean for the field?

Perivascular adipose tissue shifts from a vasoprotective to a pro-inflammatory and pro-contractile phenotype across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum, mediated by bidirectional adipose-vascular crosstalk and sex-specific mechanisms. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate sex-specific mechanisms driving perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum and assess their influence on vascular outcomes.

September 18, 2026CellsOpen Access

Review highlights limited evidence on sex-specific perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum.

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Design

Review

Key result

This review evaluates the limited evidence for sex-specific mechanisms of perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum to inform future therapeutic strategies.

Authors

KKKhadizatul Kobra MHMd Arafat Hossain ABAudreen Bandegan

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Sex-specific PVAT mechanisms in diabetes remain poorly defined; leaves open targeted therapies pending prospective validation.

Key Points

To evaluate sex-specific mechanisms driving perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum and assess their influence on vascular outcomes.
Reviewed experimental and clinical evidence spanning prediabetes, established diabetes, and related metabolic conditions across various species and vascular beds.
Synthesized molecular and physiological findings concerning immune-cell infiltration, redox signaling, adipokines, and bidirectional adipose-vascular crosstalk.
Prediabetes and diabetes induce a phenotypic switch in PVAT from a vasoprotective state toward a pro-inflammatory and pro-contractile profile marked by elevated cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and vasoconstrictors.
Biological sex, reproductive aging, and sex-hormone signaling modulate PVAT morphology, cellular composition, and secretome, although direct longitudinal tracking across metabolic states remains scarce.

PICO

Population

Prediabetes and Diabetes

Understanding sex-specific mechanisms of perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum may help develop targeted strategies for diabetes-associated vascular complications.

Limitations

Direct longitudinal evidence tracking PVAT between metabolic states remains scarce
Strength of evidence varies substantially across species, vascular beds, and disease models
Limited evidence for sex-specific PVAT mechanisms

Cite This Study

Kobra et al. (2026) conducted a review in Prediabetes and Diabetes. This review evaluates the limited evidence for sex-specific mechanisms of perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum to inform future therapeutic strategies.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aad0bb6de0393d728b8a26f https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15181680

View Full Paper

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September 18, 2026CellsOpen Access

Review highlights limited evidence on sex-specific perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum.

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Design

Review

Key result

This review evaluates the limited evidence for sex-specific mechanisms of perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum to inform future therapeutic strategies.

Authors

KKKhadizatul Kobra MHMd Arafat Hossain ABAudreen Bandegan

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Sex-specific PVAT mechanisms in diabetes remain poorly defined; leaves open targeted therapies pending prospective validation.

Key Points

To evaluate sex-specific mechanisms driving perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) dysfunction across the prediabetes-to-diabetes continuum and assess their influence on vascular outcomes.
Reviewed experimental and clinical evidence spanning prediabetes, established diabetes, and related metabolic conditions across various species and vascular beds.
Synthesized molecular and physiological findings concerning immune-cell infiltration, redox signaling, adipokines, and bidirectional adipose-vascular crosstalk.
Prediabetes and diabetes induce a phenotypic switch in PVAT from a vasoprotective state toward a pro-inflammatory and pro-contractile profile marked by elevated cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and vasoconstrictors.
Biological sex, reproductive aging, and sex-hormone signaling modulate PVAT morphology, cellular composition, and secretome, although direct longitudinal tracking across metabolic states remains scarce.

PICO

Population

Prediabetes and Diabetes

Limitations

Direct longitudinal evidence tracking PVAT between metabolic states remains scarce
Strength of evidence varies substantially across species, vascular beds, and disease models
Limited evidence for sex-specific PVAT mechanisms

Cite This Study

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aad0bb6de0393d728b8a26f https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15181680

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark