Key result
Ultralow-power continuous-time delta-sigma modulator with PMIC draws 1.1 μA acquiring real-time IoT ECG waveforms.
Why the study?
Low-frequency signal bandwidth CTDSMs face challenges in resistor and capacitor sizing and power consumption that need to be addressed for IoT ECG monitoring applications.
The development of an ultralow-power CTDSM with a PMIC enables highly efficient ECG monitoring for IoT applications with a total current consumption of only 1.1 μA.
May enable extended wearable ECG IoT monitoring; leaves open clinical validation and real-world integration.
This article presents an 860.8-nW ultralow-power continuous-time delta-sigma modulator (CTDSM) with a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The proposed CTDSM employs a switched resistor and a dynamic amplifier to address the problem of resistor and capacitor sizing in CTDSMs with a low-frequency signal bandwidth. The use of a dynamic amplifier capable of operating in both active and sleep modes minimizes the power consumption of the first integrator. The proposed low-power CTDSM operates using a supply voltage from the PMIC, achieves a total current consumption of only1.1~μA, and can be applied as a flexible sensor system in IoT applications. These results are verified through real-time acquisition of electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform monitoring.
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Kim et al. (2025) studied this question. Ultralow-power continuous-time delta-sigma modulator (CTDSM) with a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) was evaluated on Power consumption and real-time acquisition of ECG waveform. An ultralow-power continuous-time delta-sigma modulator with an on-chip PMIC achieved a total current consumption of 1.1 μA and successfully acquired real-time ECG waveforms for IoT applications.
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