Key result
A proposed ultra-low power delta-modulation-based ADC for wearable ECG sensors achieved a maximum 10.9 effective number of bits with 68.12 nW power consumption.
The proposed delta-modulation-based ADC offers an ultra-low power and area-efficient solution for wearable ECG sensor systems.
May enable prolonged wearable ECG monitoring; leaves open clinical validation and integration.
In this brief, a new ultra-low power analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on delta (Δ)-modulation approach is presented for wearable Electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor systems. In the proposed structure, a voltage-to-time converter (VTC) is employed as the residue quantizer inΔ-modulation based ADC circuit. So, the requirement on the high-frequency sampling rate in such ADCs is relaxed and it can be realized with low-power consumption. This structure produces one-bit output data wherein the pulse-width of output data at every clock cycle is proportional to the input signal variation. Therefore, the output data rate is significantly reduced. The proposed ADC is designed in TSMC 0.18μ mCMOS technology and post-layout simulation results exhibit maximum 10.9 effective number of bits (ENOB) with 68.12 nW power from a 0.8 V power supply. This ADC circuit achieves a peak signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) about 67.4 dB over ECG signal bandwidth with 4 kHz sampling frequency and occupies about 0.02 mm2silicon die area.
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Karimlou et al. (2022) studied Wearable Electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor systems. Delta-modulation-based analog-to-digital converter (ADC) was evaluated on Effective number of bits (ENOB) and power consumption. A proposed ultra-low power delta-modulation-based ADC for wearable ECG sensors achieved a maximum 10.9 effective number of bits with 68.12 nW power consumption.
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