Key result
In patients with chronic kidney disease, CABG was associated with significantly lower long-term mortality compared to PCI (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.70-0.94; P=0.007).
Why the study?
Controversies exist among studies comparing CABG and PCI in patients with CKD and those on chronic dialysis regarding mortality outcomes.
Does CABG reduce all-cause death compared to PCI in patients with chronic kidney disease and on dialysis?
Meta-Analysis (n=69,456)
Does CABG reduce all-cause death compared to PCI in patients with chronic kidney disease and on dialysis?
Odds Ratio: 0.81 (95% CI 0.7–0.94)
p-value: p=0.007
CABG is associated with significantly lower long-term mortality compared to PCI in patients with chronic kidney disease and those on chronic dialysis.
CABG may lower long-term mortality versus PCI in CKD and dialysis patients; extends observational data but leaves strategy choice open pending RCTs.
Controversies have been observed among previously published and recently published studies comparing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and patients on chronic dialysis. This study aimed to show the impact of CABG and PCI on mortality in these patients.Electronic databases were searched for studies comparing CABG and PCI in patients with CKD. The primary outcome was all-cause death whereas the secondary endpoints included other adverse cardiovascular outcomes reported. Causes of death were also analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to express the pooled effect on discontinuous variables and the pooled analyses were performed with RevMan 5.3.Eighteen studies involving a total number of 69,456 patients (29,239 patients in the CABG group and 40,217 patients in the PCI group) were included in this meta-analysis. Short-term mortality insignificantly favored PCI with OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.93-1.65; P = 0.15. Mortality at 1 year was similar in both groups with OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.91-1.08; P = 0.86, whereas the long-term mortality significantly favored CABG in patients with CKD and in patients on chronic dialysis with OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.70-0.94; P = 0.007 and OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69-0.96; P = 0.01, respectively.In patients with CKD, the impact of CABG on the short-term mortality was insignificantly higher compared to PCI whereas at 1 year, a similar impact was observed. However, the impact of PCI on mortality was significantly higher during a long-term follow-up period in patients with CKD and in patients on chronic dialysis. Nevertheless, due to a high level of heterogeneity observed among several subgroups analyzed, randomized trials are required to completely solve this issue.
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Bundhun et al. (2016) conducted a meta-analysis in Chronic kidney disease and on dialysis (n=69,456). Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) vs. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was evaluated on All-cause death (long-term) (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.70-0.94, p=0.007). In patients with chronic kidney disease, CABG was associated with significantly lower long-term mortality compared to PCI (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.70-0.94; P=0.007).
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