A Case of Unintentional Superior Vena Cava Isolation During Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using a Lattice-Tip Catheter

The superior vena cava (SVC) is a major source of non-pulmonary vein triggers in atrial fibrillation, and a longer SVC myocardial sleeve has been reported to be associated with SVC arrhythmogenicity.1 Because the right pulmonary veins are anatomically close to the SVC, ablation during right-sided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) can affect SVC–right atrial (RA) conduction. Unintentional SVC isolation during right-sided PVI has been reported with radiofrequency ablation, cryoballoon ablation, and single-shot pulsed-field ablation (PFA) devices.