Human Anticancers and Antidiabetic Activities of the Cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. BS1-EG Isolated from River Nile, Egypt

Cyanobacteria are known as a potential source of several metabolic compounds like phytohormons, phenols, antibiotics, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory as well as pharmaceuticals. These compounds are reported to be used in agriculture, biology and medicine. This study was performed to isolate Fischerella sp, from river Nile/ Egypt. Also, its potential to produce some bioactive compounds was evaluated. Results indicated that Fischerella BS1-EG isolate during this study has a considerable antifungal activity against Aspergillus, Fusarioum and Penicillum sp. In general, the determined fungal activities by means of inhibition zone ranged between 8.5-16mm. Regarding the cell cytotoxicity of Fischerella BS1-EG on liver cancer (HepG-2), lung cancer (A549), colon cancer (HCT-116), breast cancer (MCF-7) data revealed that Fischerella BS1-EG crude extract exhibited a variable influence on all tested cell lines GC-MS analysis showed that 29 different compounds were detected and identified as fatty acids, alkaloids, phenols, amino acids, the most important 9 compounds were identified as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory agents. On the other hand, Fischerella BS1-EG proved to have anti hyper glycemia activity through inhibition of α-glucosidase activity. These results may indicate that, for the first time, Fischerella BS1-EG is recorded to have different biological activities as anti-cancer as well as anti-hyperglycemia.