Key result
Endothelial cells regulate vascular smooth muscle tone by sensing luminal chemical and physical stimuli.
Why the study?
Recent advances in endothelial cell biology have highlighted their role and clinical significance as regulators of vascular smooth muscle tone.
This article reviews the role and clinical significance of endothelial cells as regulators of vascular smooth muscle tone.
Endothelial function assessment may inform vascular risk evaluation; leaves open targeted interventions for prospective validation.
A monolayer of endothelial cells coats the intimal surface of the entire vascular tree.These highly specialized cells detect signals in the lumen of the vessel and transduce them into messages under- stood by subjacent smooth muscle or passing blood cells.There have been many recent advances in the understanding of endothelial cell biology, and it is the role and clinical significance of endothelial cells as regulators ofvascular smooth muscle tone that is the subject of this article.Detection of signals in the lumen is the first step in endothelial regulation of blood vessel tone, and the cells are equipped to respond to both chemical and physical stimuli.The endothelial cell surface expresses receptors for circulating hormones in- cluding catecholamines, angiotensin and vasopres- sin, and local autacoids, including bradykinin, serotonin and acetylcholine.' Furthermore, the cell
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Patrick J. Vallance (1992) conducted a review in Vascular tone regulation. Endothelial cells regulate vascular smooth muscle tone by detecting luminal signals and responding to chemical and physical stimuli.
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