Key result
Abnormal ECGs occur in ~92% of heart failure patients, most commonly left ventricular hypertrophy.
Why the study?
The ECG is an essential test in the evaluation of patients with heart failure, but the prevalence of ECG abnormalities in this population at Gujarat Adani Institute was not established.
Observational (n=400)
Simple random sampling
No
ECG abnormalities are highly prevalent (92%) in heart failure patients, reinforcing the utility of this simple bedside test in evaluating and recognizing complications in this population.
ECG abnormalities common in HF; extends regional prevalence data but leaves open prognostic value and management impact.
Background: The ECG is a non-invasive and comparatively simple bedside test to perform. It is mostly utilized cardiovascular diagnostic test, and it is performed by cardiologists and other physicians who are not cardiologists. The ECG is an essential test in the evaluation of patients with heart failure. The aim was to establish the prevalence of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities with heart failure patients attending department of medicine, Gujarat Adani Institute of medical science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India.Methods: It was a retrospective study carried out department of medicine, Gujarat Adani Institute of medical science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India. Simple random sampling technique was applied for medical records of 400 patients diagnosed with heart failure. The demographic, clinical, chest X-ray and 12-lead resting electrocardiographic (ECG) data of the patients were examined. Heart failure was diagnosed, by the modified Framingham criteria for the diagnosis of heart failure. Analysis was done using SPSS version 15 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA) level of confidence interval and p value was set at 95% and 5% respectively.Results: The ECGs were abnormal in 92 % of the patients, and normal in 8% of the patients. The main ECG abnormalities included: left ventricular hypertrophy (42.9%), left axis deviation (39.8%), left bundle branch block (19.4%), and left atrial enlargement (25.80%). Arrhythmias seen included: ventricular extrasystoles (11.8%), atrial fibrillation (9.1%), complete heart block (5.7), and ventricular tachycardia (3.9%).Conclusions: ECG abnormalities are very frequent with heart failure patients in Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India. The ECG is very helpful not merely in the analysis and etiology of heart failure but also it assists in recognizing significant complications of heart failure that might manipulate the option of treatment.
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Thacker et al. (2016) conducted an observational in Heart failure (n=400). Heart failure was evaluated on Prevalence of ECG abnormalities. Among heart failure patients, 92% had abnormal ECGs, with left ventricular hypertrophy (42.9%) and left axis deviation (39.8%) being the most common abnormalities.
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