Key result
Metformin prevents a ~20% post-glucose decline in flow-mediated dilation in patients with hypertension.
Why the study?
The effects of a single dose of metformin on endothelial function and antioxidant levels after acute glucose load in patients with primary hypertension were unclear.
Does a single dose of metformin prevent endothelial dysfunction after an acute glucose load in patients with untreated primary hypertension?
RCT (n=93)
randomized
Does a single dose of metformin prevent endothelial dysfunction after an acute glucose load in patients with untreated primary hypertension?
A single dose of metformin prevents transient endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by an acute glucose load in patients with untreated primary hypertension.
Single-dose metformin may blunt acute glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction in primary hypertension; leaves open whether this extends to clinical outcomes or chronic use.
BACKGROUND: To investigate the effects of a single dose of metformin (MF) on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and serum antioxidant and free fatty acid levels in patients with primary hypertension (PH) after an acute glucose load. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with untreated PH were randomized to a no-metformin group (PH, n = 34) and a metformin group (PH+ MF, n = 28) who received a single dose of 500 mg metformin before testing. Healthy volunteers (n = 31) served as a control group. Brachial artery endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) was determined at 0, 1, 2 and 3 h after glucose load. Levels of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), anti-superoxide anion free radical (AntiO2) and free fatty acids (FFA) were measured. RESULTS: The FMD in the PH group decreased significantly 1 h after glucose load (PH: 10.9 ± 2.9% vs 13.67 ± 3.42% before glucose load). Metformin inhibited the effects of glucose load on FMD. At 1 h after acute glucose load, the concentrations of SOD, T-AOC and AntiO2 in the PH group decreased significantly compared with their fasting levels, and metformin inhibited the acute glucose load-induced decline in SOD and T-AOC levels. CONCLUSIONS: Metformin can prevent transient endothelial dysfunction caused by acute glucose load in patients with PH.
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Xu et al. (2012) conducted an RCT in primary hypertension (n=93). Metformin vs. No metformin was evaluated on Brachial artery endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) at 1 hour after glucose load. A single 500 mg dose of metformin prevented the significant decline in flow-mediated vasodilatation (from 13.67% to 10.9%) observed 1 hour after an acute glucose load in patients with hypertension.
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