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June 1, 2023Open Access

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with Inflammatory Markers like C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 in Women with and without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Comparative Case-Control Study

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Key result

There was no significant difference in the Dietary Inflammatory Index between women with and without PCOS (4.11 vs 4.36, p=0.68), although Interleukin-6 levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group.

Why the study?

Is the Dietary Inflammatory Index associated with inflammatory markers (CRP and IL-6) in women with and without PCOS?

Population

85 women (45 with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [PCOS] and 40 non-PCOS controls)

Comparison

Dietary Inflammatory Index assessed via 147-item… vs Non-PCOS women

Design

Case-control

Authors

KAKhadijeh AzarbayjaniSSShahideh Jahanian SadatmahallehAMAzadeh Mottaghi

Discussion

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Overview

Higher DII was associated with elevated CRP and IL-6 in PCOS; leaves open whether anti-inflammatory diets modify markers.

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=85)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Is the Dietary Inflammatory Index associated with inflammatory markers (CRP and IL-6) in women with and without PCOS?

P
Population
85 women of reproductive age, including 45 with polycystic ovarian syndrome and 40 healthy controls, evaluated for dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory markers.
E
Exposure
Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) assessed via 147-item food frequency questionnaire
C
Comparator
Non-PCOS women
O
Outcome
Association of DII with serum levels of Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP)surrogate

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 4.11% vs 4.36%

p-value: p=0.68

In women with PCOS, IL-6 levels are elevated compared to controls, but this does not appear to be significantly associated with the Dietary Inflammatory Index.

Limitations

  • Small sample size
  • Phenotypic division was not done in the PCOS group
  • Mental health status and metabolic parameters were not evaluated
  • Results not adjusted for the effect of obesity and other diseases affecting inflammation

Cite This Study

Azarbayjani et al. (2023) conducted a case-control in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (n=85). Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) vs. Non-PCOS women was evaluated on Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score (p=0.68). There was no significant difference in the Dietary Inflammatory Index between women with and without PCOS (4.11 vs 4.36, p=0.68), although Interleukin-6 levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ab63083a698145f830e4a64https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2984760/v1
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Association of dietary inflammatory index with C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome2024 · 16 citations
  2. 2Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study2024 · 3 citations
  3. 3Cross-sectional study of the relationship between dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory hormonal and metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome2025
  4. 4Association between dietary inflammatory index, empirical dietary inflammatory patterns, dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores, and polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study2025 · 4 citations
  5. 5Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiometabolic Risk in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome2026 · 1 citations