Key result
Hypothyroidism in hospitalized PCOS patients shows no mortality effect but is linked to ~20% higher HF risk.
Why the study?
There is a paucity of data on the cardiovascular outcomes of the population with PCOS, especially those with concurrent hypothyroidism.
Cohort (n=78,470)
Yes
Odds Ratio: 0.9 (95% CI 0.6–1.4)
p-value: p=>0.05
Hypothyroidism in PCOS was associated with higher HF odds; hypothesis-generating for screening impact, prospective studies needed.
Introduction Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) carries similar risks to metabolic syndromes, and the population with hypothyroidism and concurrent PCOS may demonstrate exponential cardiovascular risk. There is a paucity of data on the cardiovascular outcomes of the population with PCOS. We aimed to address this gap. Methods We queried the National Inpatient Sample Database (2016-2020), selected the population with a diagnosis of PCOS, and stratified them according to the presence or absence of hypothyroidism. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to predict the outcomes. The primary outcome was mortality, while secondary outcomes were heart failure (HF), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), stroke, hypertension (HTN), hyperlipidemia (HLD), and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Results There were 78,470 hospitalizations with PCOS, and 14.6% (11,455) had hypothyroidism (36.3 years ± 10). Compared to the non-hypothyroid group, the population with hypothyroidism did not differ in terms of mortality (OR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.6-1.4), HTN (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.9-1.09), stroke (OR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.8-1.4), or DVT (OR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.7-1.3) (p > 0.05 for each). However, they had a higher likelihood of HF (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.04-1.4), CKD (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.02-1.3), T2DM (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.1-1.3), and HLD (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.2-1.3) (p < 0.05 for each). Conclusion Among the population with PCOS, those with concurrent hypothyroidism had a higher association with HF, CKD, T2DM, and HLD. Risk stratification, prompt screening, close follow-up, and management may improve outcomes in this population.
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Ohikhuai et al. (2025) conducted a cohort in Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (n=78,470). Hypothyroidism vs. No hypothyroidism was evaluated on Mortality (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.6-1.4, p=>0.05). Among hospitalized women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, concurrent hypothyroidism did not significantly affect mortality (OR 0.9) but was associated with a higher likelihood of heart failure (OR 1.2).
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