Key result
Metabolic risks account for ~33% of all US deaths despite significant declines since 1990.
Why the study?
Metabolic risks contribute a heavy burden to the US health system, but the burden attributable to these risks from 1990 to 2019 was not fully characterized.
Observational
Metabolic risks remain a major public health concern in the US, accounting for approximately one-third of all deaths in 2019 despite age-standardized rate reductions since 1990.
Metabolic risks continue to drive substantial US mortality; leaves open optimal interventions to accelerate declines.
INTRODUCTION: Metabolic risks including high body mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high systolic blood pressure, kidney dysfunction and low bone mineral density, contribute heavy burden to the US health systems. We aimed to investigate the burden attributable to metabolic risks in the US from 1990 to 2019. METHODS: Using methodology of Global Burden of Disease Study, the deaths and DALYs attributable to metabolic risks were analyzed by age, gender, states, Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and diseases from 1990 to 2019 in the US. RESULTS: In 2019, the age-standardized death and DALY rates attributable to metabolic risks were 174.9 and 4738.7 per 100,000 people, accounting for 33.1% and 18.2% of death and DALY rates from all causes in the US, and there was a decrease by -32.5% and -21.2% in age-standardized death and DALY rates since 1990. The burden attributable to metabolic risks increased with age, and was higher in males than females. In addition, the burden varied widely across the states, generally in inverse proportion to the SDI levels, and the heaviest burden was observed in East and West South-Central of the US. Cardiovascular diseases carried heavy burden attributable to metabolic risks. CONCLUSION: The burden attributable to metabolic risks remained major public health concerns in the US. Prevention of metabolic risks should be a high priority in the US.
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Chen et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Metabolic risks (high BMI, high FPG, high LDL, high SBP, kidney dysfunction, low BMD). Metabolic risks vs. Theoretical minimum-risk exposure level (TMREL) was evaluated on Age-standardized death rate attributable to metabolic risks per 100,000 people in 2019 (95% CI 156.6-192.8). In 2019, metabolic risks accounted for an age-standardized death rate of 174.9 per 100,000 people in the US, representing 33.1% of all deaths, despite a 32.5% decrease in the rate since 1990.
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