Key result
Dilated cardiomyopathy was associated with increased nuclear area, myocyte width, and fibrosis, and reduced capillary myocyte ratio compared to controls, but these did not correlate with LVEF.
Why the study?
Alterations in collagen distribution and microvasculature in dilated cardiomyopathy and their correlation with LVEF are not well characterized.
Do histomorphological changes and collagen IV expression correlate with LVEF in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy?
Case-Control (n=82)
Do histomorphological changes and collagen IV expression correlate with LVEF in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy?
Histomorphological changes and collagen IV alterations in dilated cardiomyopathy do not significantly correlate with LVEF, suggesting these parameters cannot be used to predict disease progression.
Histomorphological parameters should not guide LVEF assessment in dilated cardiomyopathy; leaves open their prognostic value in larger cohorts.
INTRODUCTION: Collagen distribution alterations are well known in dilated cardiomyopathy. There are also changes in microvasculature along with other histomorphorphological features. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study the histomorphological features of DCM along with their quantitative correlation with LVEF. Alterations in collagen IV distribution pattern and microvasculature in DCM were also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study includes 34 right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies, 7 explanted native hearts and 41 autopsy control hearts. Sections were taken from lower half of right interventricular septum and stained for H and E, Masson trichrome and immunohistochemistry for CD34, SMA and Collagen IV to study the histological features, pattern of fibrosis, capillary and arteriolar distribution and collagen IV expression respectively. Morphometric analysis was carried out in all cases and controls using Image analysis software Image pro plus 7 and correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction. RESULTS: The histomorphological changes of DCM include myocyte hypertrophy, nucleomegaly, and interstitial fibrosis. Interfiber fibrosis was the commonest. There was evidence of myocarditis, ischemic change and vessel wall alterations. Considerable alteration in Collagen IV distribution was observed with reduction in intensity and proportion of staining around myocytes quantified using Allred scoring against uniform pericellular staining in controls. Morphometric analysis revealed significant increase in nuclear area, myocyte width, percentage of fibrosis and reduction in capillary myocyte ratio in cases as compared to controls. There was no significant difference in arteriolar density. No significant association was observed between morphometric parameters and LVEF. CONCLUSION: Histomorphological changes in DCM are non-specific. Quantitation of histological parameters cannot be used to predict the disease progression as there was no significant correlation with LVEF. There is appreciable alteration in Collagen IV distribution in DCM owing to extracellular matrix alterations.
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Arava et al. (2017) conducted a case-control in Dilated cardiomyopathy (n=82). Dilated cardiomyopathy vs. Autopsy control hearts was evaluated on Histomorphological features, collagen IV distribution, and quantitative correlation with LVEF. Dilated cardiomyopathy was associated with increased nuclear area, myocyte width, and fibrosis, and reduced capillary myocyte ratio compared to controls, but these did not correlate with LVEF.
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