Key result
Larger common carotid artery diameter is linked to traditional CV risk factors independent of atherosclerosis.
Why the study?
The influence of conventional cardiovascular risk factors on the adaptive response of the carotid arterial wall to atherosclerotic disease was not well characterized.
Cross-Sectional (n=825)
No
p-value: p=<0.001
Should not alter carotid assessment protocols; leaves open diameters' incremental value in risk models.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of conventional cardiovascular risk factors on the degree of adaptive response of the carotid arterial wall to atherosclerotic disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We evaluated the diameter and intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery (CCA) by ultrasonography in 351 men aged 70.3 (range, 14-97) years and 474 women aged 75.6 (range, 19-103) years in the medical department of Seiyo Municipal Nomura Hospital. We assessed cross-sectionally the relationships between CCA diameter and IMT and cardiovascular risk factors by gender. RESULTS: In multiple linear regression analyses, after controlling for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, a significant correlation was found between CCA diameters and age (p=0.034), body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001), smoking status (p=0.039), alcohol consumption (<0.001) and uric acid (UA) (p=0.021) in men, and between CCA diameters and age (<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.013) and antihypertensive drug use (p=0.005) in women. Analysis of covariance showed that the two regression lines between carotid IMT and diameter in those with or without plaque were significantly different in both men (F=16.4; p<0.001) and women (F=15.0; p<0.001). After adjustment for carotid IMT and plaque, associations with carotid diameters still persisted for age (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), smoking status (p=0.006), alcohol consumption (p<0.001) and SBP (p=0.001) in men, and age (p=0.005), BMI (p<0.001), SBP (p=0.047) and UA (p=0.001) in women. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the CCA diameters correlated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors including alcohol consumption. These findings suggest that the CCA diameters may reflect the ability of adaptive remodeling to the atherosclerosis before plaque formation and can be an important factor during the development of atherosclerosis.
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Kawamoto et al. (2006) conducted a cross-sectional in Carotid enlargement and atherosclerosis (n=825). Conventional cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, blood pressure) was evaluated on Correlation between common carotid artery (CCA) diameter and cardiovascular risk factors (p=<0.001). Common carotid artery diameters were significantly correlated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors, including alcohol consumption in men and systolic blood pressure in women, independent of intima-media thickness and plaque.
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