Serum Levels Of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 And Interleukin-18 In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Patients with acute coronary syndrome had significantly higher median serum levels of IL-18 (26.77 vs 18.61 ng/L, p<0.001) and MMP-9 (1705.45 vs 1440.24 ng/L, p=0.001) compared to non-ACS controls.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case-Control. Population: Acute Coronary Syndrome (n=150). Intervention: Acute Coronary Syndrome vs. Non-ACS (stable angina and healthy controls). Primary outcome: Serum IL-18 levels (ng/L) (p=<0.001).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) are significantly elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome compared to non-ACS controls. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To investigate the association of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels with acute coronary syndrome.

Falah Hasan Hadi; Prof. Dr. Wasan Sami Hameed

doi:10.64252/4wmyk707

June 24, 2025International Journal of Environmental SciencesOpen Access

Serum Levels Of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 And Interleukin-18 In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

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Key result

Acute coronary syndrome is linked to ~44% higher IL-18 and elevated MMP-9 levels.

P<0.001
n=150

Why the study?

The association of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and interleukin-18 with acute coronary syndrome was not well established.

Are serum levels of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) significantly elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome compared to non-ACS individuals?

Key Points

To investigate the association of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels with acute coronary syndrome.
Case-control design comprising 90 patients with acute coronary syndrome (STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina) and 60 non-ACS controls (stable angina and healthy controls).
Serum levels of MMP-9 and IL-18 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Median serum IL-18 was significantly higher in the ACS group at 26.77 ng/L (IQR 16.98) compared to 18.61 ng/L (IQR 5.48) in non-ACS controls (p < 0.001), achieving an AUC of 0.798 (95% CI 0.729-0.866) with 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity.

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=150)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Are serum levels of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) significantly elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome compared to non-ACS individuals?

P

Population

150 participants, comprising 90 patients with acute coronary syndrome and 60 non-ACS controls, predominantly male with a mean age of 55.3 years.

E

Exposure

Measurement of serum Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

C

Comparator

Non-ACS control group (stable angina patients and healthy individuals)

O

Outcome

Median serum levels of IL-18 and MMP-9, and their diagnostic accuracy (ROC curve statistics including AUC, sensitivity, and specificity) for distinguishing ACS from non-ACSsurrogate

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 26.77% vs 18.61%

p-value: p=<0.001

Limitations

Modest specificity of IL-18 due to its expression in other systemic inflammatory conditions
Individual variability in cytokine levels
Potential influence of circadian rhythm and comorbid inflammatory diseases

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Implication

Serum levels of IL-18 and MMP-9 are significantly elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome and exhibit diagnostic value for distinguishing ACS from non-ACS presentations.

Abstract

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a kind of coronary artery disease emergency and has the characteristics of rapid onset and rapid disease change, with high morbidity and mortality rates, which puts ACS as a major public health problem. The present study aims to investigate the association of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)andinterleukin-18 (IL-18), with ACS. The study involved 90 patients with ACS (STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina) and 60 participants with non-ACS (stable angina and healthy control). The study was conducted as a case-control design. MMP-9 andIL-18 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that ACS patients had a significantly higher levels of IL-18 compared with non-ACS patients and MMP-9 had a -significant difference between these two groups, and these results suggest a significant association of MMP-9 and IL- 18 with ACS.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Hadi et al. (2025) conducted a case-control in Acute Coronary Syndrome (n=150). Acute Coronary Syndrome vs. Non-ACS (stable angina and healthy controls) was evaluated on Serum IL-18 levels (ng/L) (p=<0.001). Patients with acute coronary syndrome had significantly higher median serum levels of IL-18 (26.77 vs 18.61 ng/L, p<0.001) and MMP-9 (1705.45 vs 1440.24 ng/L, p=0.001) compared to non-ACS controls.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ac591f938c9af7ead3834e3 https://doi.org/10.64252/4wmyk707

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Serum Levels Of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 And Interleukin-18 In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Serum Levels Of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 And Interleukin-18 In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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