Key result
Inflammatory bowel disease is linked to ~30% higher adverse arrhythmia outcomes after catheter ablation.
Why the study?
Clinical outcomes following catheter ablation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease are unknown despite their increased long-term risk of arrhythmia.
Does the presence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease increase the risk of adverse arrhythmia-related outcomes in patients undergoing catheter ablation?
Cohort (n=2,680)
Yes
Does the presence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease increase the risk of adverse arrhythmia-related outcomes in patients undergoing catheter ablation?
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing catheter ablation for arrhythmias have a 30% increased hazard for adverse arrhythmia-related outcomes, driven predominantly by hospitalizations for arrhythmia.
IBD may confer higher post-ablation arrhythmia risk; leaves open whether inflammation alters efficacy or warrants tailored surveillance.
Aim Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have been associated with an increased long-term risk of arrhythmia. However, clinical outcomes following catheter ablation in patients with IBD are unknown. Methods In this nationwide Swiss cohort study of adults undergoing catheter ablation for arrhythmia between 2012 and 2022, patients with IBD were propensity score-matched 1:10 to comparators without IBD. The primary endpoint was a composite of the first occurrence of any of the following events: reablation, cardioversion, or hospitalization for arrhythmia. Secondary endpoints were each individual component of the primary endpoint. An additional win-ratio-based hierarchical analysis was performed. Hazard ratios (HRs) and incidence rates (IRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results A total of 251 patients with IBD and 2,429 matched comparators were included in the study. After a median follow-up time of 2.6 years (IQR 0.8-5.6), the primary endpoint occurred in 81 (32.3%, IR:100.8/1,000 person-years) patients with IBD and in 640 (26.3%, IR:73.3/1,000 person-years) matched comparators, yielding an HR of 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.03-1.64). Among the individual components of the primary endpoint, hospitalization for arrhythmia was more frequent in patients with IBD (HR 1.29, 95%CI=1.02-1.64), while the remaining components did not differ between groups. In hierarchical win-ratio analysis, patients with IBD had worse composite outcomes than matched comparators (win-ratio 0.80, 95% CI=0.65-0.99, p=0.04). Conclusion Patients with IBD undergoing catheter ablation exhibited 30% higher hazards of adverse arrhythmia-related outcomes.
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Ebrahimi et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Arrhythmia (n=2,680). Inflammatory bowel disease vs. Matched comparators without inflammatory bowel disease was evaluated on Composite of the first occurrence of reablation, cardioversion, or hospitalization for arrhythmia (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.64). Patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing catheter ablation had a higher risk of adverse arrhythmia-related outcomes than matched comparators (HR 1.30; 95% CI 1.03-1.64).
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