A Case of Anterior Mediastinal Hodgkin Lymphoma Exhibiting Abundant Intratumoral Vascular Structures on Computed Tomography

Hodgkin lymphoma shows a bimodal age distribution, predominantly affecting young adults and individuals in their 50s and 60s, and is the most common type of lymphoma occurring in the mediastinum. Typical computed tomography (CT) imaging findings include a bulky mass arising in the anterior mediastinum (prevascular compartment) with homogeneous soft-tissue attenuation. Herein, we report a case with unusual CT findings characterized by abundant internal vascular structures in an 18-year-old man with nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma who presented with hemoptysis. Histopathologic examination revealed numerous dilated capillaries within the lesion, which were consistent with the CT findings. Reports of mediastinal lymphoma accompanied by such prominent vascular structures are extremely rare.