Key result
Male sex is linked to a ~1.0-point higher atherogenic index compared to females.
Why the study?
Atherogenic index and coronary risk index are potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis with unclear associations by gender and hyperglycemia status.
Cross-Sectional (n=100)
No
Mean Difference: 0.96 (95% CI 0.67–1.25)
Absolute Event Rate: 2.74% vs 1.78%
p-value: p=<0.001
Males have significantly higher atherogenic and coronary risk indices compared to females, supporting the importance of gender-specific considerations in cardiovascular risk stratification.
Does not support practice changes in risk assessment; leaves open whether atherogenic index predicts events by gender in prospective cohorts.
Atherogenic index (AI) and coronary risk index (CRI) are potential biomarkers reflecting atherosclerosis which is a main aetiology of ischemic heart disease. Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis causing endothelial injury which is the initiation of athrogenesis. Cardiovascular disese (CVD) risk is significant associated with high AI in which coronary artery events were documented. Predictive values of AIP for CVD risk is more pronounced in the presence of any components of metabolic syndrome such as hyperglycemia and in male gender when compared to females. This study associate the atherogenic index (AI) and coronary risk index (CRI) between status of genders and the hyperglycemia.. It was a laboratory based study and a hundred volunteer adult subjects participated after giving informed consent. General proforma was used to collect subjects’ demographic data. Blood samples (5.0 mL) was collected in plain tubes from the subjects after overnight fast. Serum was isolated into dry plain plastic screw-capped containers and stored frozen-20°C prior to analyses. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (Tg), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting glucose concentrations were determined by chemical analyser. Atherogenic index is calculated as log (TG/HDL–C) and the Coronary risk index calculated as CRI=TC/HDL-C. There were 52 (51.5%) males and 48 (48.5%) females in this study. For the AI, there were statistically significant mean differences between genders (p-value < 0.001) and diabetes status (p-value = 0.039). As for CRI, only gender (p-value < 0.001) showed a statistically significant mean difference. Hence, we conclude that there is a significant mean difference between males and females for both AI and CRI. As for the other health status, only the status of diabetes mellitus was found to have a significant mean difference for AI. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that both AI and CRI differ significantly by gender, with males showing higher values, while diabetes status was independently associated with AI. These findings emphasize the relevance of gender- and diabetes-specific consideration in evaluating coronary artery disease risk.
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Wynn et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular disease risk (n=100). Male gender vs. Female gender was evaluated on Mean difference in Atherogenic Index (AI) between males and females (MD 0.96, 95% CI 0.67, 1.25, p=<0.001). Male gender was significantly associated with higher atherogenic index values compared to females (mean difference 0.96, p<0.001), suggesting elevated cardiovascular risk.
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