Key result
Among patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for their first cardiovascular event, comorbid hypertension increased the odds of in-hospital mortality by nearly twofold, though this was not statistically significant (aOR 1.9, p=0.18).
Why the study?
There is limited data on the joint effect of hypertension and type 2 diabetes on the type and outcome of cardiovascular disease in Africa.
Does comorbid hypertension worsen cardiovascular disease manifestations and in-hospital outcomes in type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized for a first cardiovascular event?
Cross-Sectional (n=261)
No
Does comorbid hypertension worsen cardiovascular disease manifestations and in-hospital outcomes in type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized for a first cardiovascular event?
Odds Ratio: 1.9 (95% CI 0.7–5.3)
Absolute Event Rate: 14.9% vs 8.3%
p-value: p=0.18
In Cameroonian patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for a first cardiovascular event, comorbid hypertension is highly prevalent (77%) and is associated with higher odds of mortality that did not reach statistical significance, alongside paradoxically shorter hospital stays.
Hypertension was not significantly linked to mortality; leaves open its independent prognostic role in diabetic patients with first CVD events.
Introduction. Hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The combination of hypertension and T2DM leads to a significant increase in CVD risk. There is limited data on the joint effect of hypertension and diabetes on the type and outcome of CVD in Africa. Objective. Determine the prevalence of hypertension and the impact of hypertension and T2DM on the first manifestation of CVD and the outcomes among patients with T2DM in Cameroon. Methods. We identified cases of three incident overt clinically manifest CVD complications (acute myocardial infarction [AMI], stroke, and heart failure. We compared hypertensive diabetics and non-hypertensive diabetics. Results. Hypertension was present in 206 (77%) patients. The distribution of CVD was similar between hypertensive and non-hypertensive diabetic groups. Length of stay was longer in the non-hypertensive diabetic group (p=0.08). The duration of hospitalization of >7 days was significantly higher in the non-hypertensive group (p=0.01). Mortality was higher in the hypertensive group (p=0.12). The composite of hospital stays of >7 days and death occurred in 16 (6.1%, 95% CI: 3.5 – 9.8) patients and this was non-significantly higher in the hypertensive group. After adjusting for age and gender, patients with hypertension were twice likely to die as well as twice likely to have a composite of hospital stay of >7 days and death. Conclusion. Although hypertension was prevalent in about three quarters of patients with T2DM, the joint interaction of hypertension and diabetes did not significantly affect the type of CVD and the outcomes. There is need to treat and control hypertension among patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Nkoké et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes with first clinically manifest cardiovascular disease (n=261). Hypertension vs. Non-hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes was evaluated on In-hospital mortality (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 0.7-5.3, p=0.18). Among patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for their first cardiovascular event, comorbid hypertension increased the odds of in-hospital mortality by nearly twofold, though this was not statistically significant (aOR 1.9, p=0.18).
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