Technology, Organization, and Environment in Digital Transformation: The Role of Employees' Digital Readiness as a Moderating Variable at Benyamin Guluh Kolaka Regional Hospital

Dvancing modern healthcare relies heavily on digital transformation, a process driven not merely by deploying technological tools, but also by ensuring structural adaptability and workforce preparedness. This research investigates how Technology, Organization, and Environment influence Digital Transformation, while analyzing Employee Digital Readiness as a moderating factor within Benyamin Guluh Kolaka Regional General Hospital. Utilizing a quantitative cross- sectional framework, 200 participants were chosen via purposive sampling from a total cohort of 534 staff members. A 20-item instrument on a five-point Likert scale was administered, with data evaluated through Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4 and bootstrapping techniques. The results demonstrate that Technology, Organization, and Environment each exert a statistically significant positive effect on Digital Transformation. Additionally, Employee Digital Readiness demonstrates a direct positive association with Digital Transformation and enhances the structural connections between Technology, Organization, Environment, and Digital Transformation. With an ????2 coefficient of 0.335, the predictive model accounts for 33.5% of the variance observed in Digital Transformation, underscoring the critical interplay between technical infrastructure, institutional backing, external drivers, and staff preparedness in driving hospital digitalization.