Cytokine profile in patients with myocardial infarction aged 80 years and older

Aim. Using a bioresource collection, to study the expression of cyto­kines, chemokines, and growth factors in patients with myocardial in­farc­tion (MI) aged 80 years and older and to establish their rela­tionship with unfavorable outcomes. Material and methods . This retrospective study included 59 patients aged 80 years and older with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Cli­ni­cal and demographic data, laboratory parameters, and biomarker dynamics at hospital admission and after 7 days were analyzed. Thirty-day outcomes were assessed. Patients were divided into groups based on outcomes as follows: group 1 (n=11) — patients who died within 30 days after ACS; group 2 (n=48) — the remaining patients. Results . Follow-up in the overall group revealed a significant decrease in serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and granulocyte colony-­sti­mulating factor at day 7 after ACS, while eotaxin levels, conversely, in­creased. Associations between proinflammatory cytokines and clinical risk stratification scores were revealed. In the fatal group, higher levels of IL-10, IL-15, tumor necrosis factor-­alpha, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, granulocyte colony-­stimulating factor, macrophage colony-sti­mulating factor, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) were noted at day 7 after ACS. The combination of NTproBNP >1000 pg/ml and IL-15 >25 pg/ml on day 7 has the highest prognostic value for predicting patient mortality within 30 days after ACS, with a sensitivity of 83,3% and a specificity of 90,6% (AUC=0,87). Conclusion. Using a bioresource collection and multiplex technology, the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors was stu­died in patients over 80 years of age with myocardial infarction. A model for predicting unfavorable outcomes in patients with myocar­dial infarc­tion was developed.