Antiplasmodial, Toxicological and Smooth Muscles Effect of Acetone and Ethyl Acetate Fractions of the Fruit Pulp of Chrysophyllum Albidium

The fruit pulp of Chrysophyllum albidium (CA) has been reported to have antiplasmodial effect. Hence, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the antiplasmodial, toxicological and smooth muscles effect of acetone and ethyl acetate fractions of the fruit pulp of C. albidium using appropriate standard methods. The results obtained revealed that the oral acute toxicity was above 5000mg/kg for both fractions and there were no adverse alterations in the hematological and biochemical profiles from the repeated oral dose toxicity study, also, the architecture of the examined tissues were not altered, hence both fractions were considered safe. Antiplasmodial effects; curative study days 3 and 5, the ethyl acetate fraction showed a percentage suppression of 63% and 77.85% respectively, while the prophylactic and suppressive studies showed 83.02% and 83.23% respectively. The acetone fraction for curative study days 3 and 5 had a percentage suppression of 71.32% and 83% respectively, while the prophylactic and suppressive studies had 78.53% and 84.56% respectively, all at 400mg/kg dose. Both fractions showed a biphasic cumulative effect on isolated pregnant and non-pregnant uterus and on the ileum. The acetone and ethyl acetate fractions of the fruit pulp of C. albidium has been shown to have antiplasmodial effects, and the toxicological profile is considered safe, also it has biphasic effect on isolated smooth muscles studied.