Key result
Women with ischemic heart disease show ~3-point higher LVEF and fewer recurrent MIs than men.
Why the study?
Sex-related differences may influence clinical presentation, myocardial structure and function, electrical activity, and coronary involvement in ischemic heart disease, and identifying these differences across acute and chronic forms could support more individualized diagnostic and preventive strategies.
Cross-Sectional (n=135)
No
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Women with ischemic heart disease exhibit a more favorable myocardial structural, functional, and digital ECG profile as well as higher quality of life than men, but have higher total cholesterol levels requiring targeted lipid management.
Background. Sex-related differences may influence the clinical presentation, myocardial structure and function, electrical activity, and coronary involvement in patients with ischemic heart disease. Identification of such differences may contribute to more individualized diagnostic and preventive strategies.Objective. To determine sex-related differences in the clinical, laboratory, structural and functional, electrocardiographic, and coronary characteristics of patients with acute and chronic forms of ischemic heart disease.Methods. The study included 135 patients with ischemic heart disease, comprising patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and stable angina. According to sex, patients were divided into a female group (n = 55) and a male group (n = 80). Clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, quality of life, anxiety and depression, echocardiographic findings, digital ECG parameters, and coronary angiography data were analyzed. Digital ECG assessment included the maximum speed ratio in the ischemic and hypertrophic zones and the STH parameter.Results. Women had a lower frequency of previous recurrent myocardial infarction than men (1.82% vs. 11.25%; p = 0.040) and higher EQ-VAS scores (66.91 ± 2.43 vs. 60.31 ± 2.21; p = 0.050). Women had higher total cholesterol levels (5.95 ± 0.19 vs. 5.39 ± 0.16 mmol/L; p = 0.038), whereas creatinine levels tended to be lower. Echocardiography demonstrated a higher left ventricular ejection fraction in women (57.29 ± 0.76% vs. 54.66 ± 0.83%; p = 0.028), as well as smaller left atrial, end-systolic, and end-diastolic dimensions. Digital ECG analysis showed a lower STH value in lead V2 among women compared with men (0.71 ± 0.04 vs. 0.84 ± 0.04 mm; p = 0.039). No significant sex-related differences were found in the frequency of multivessel coronary disease.Conclusion. Women with ischemic heart disease demonstrated a more favorable structural and functional myocardial profile, higher quality-of-life scores, and less pronounced adverse ST-segment changes on digital ECG compared with men. At the same time, women had less favorable lipid profiles, indicating the need for careful cardiovascular risk-factor control. Assessment of sex-specific characteristics may improve the interpretation of clinical and instrumental findings in patients with ischemic heart disease.
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O.V. Malinevska-Biliichuk (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Ischemic heart disease (STEMI and stable angina) (n=135). Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, %) (p=0.028). Women with ischemic heart disease had higher LVEF (57.29% vs 54.66%, p=0.028), fewer prior recurrent MIs (1.82% vs 11.25%, p=0.040), and higher total cholesterol (p=0.038) than men.
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