National and Cultural Semantics of Political Terms and Theoretical Principles of Their Representation in Translation

This article examines the national and cultural semantics of political terms and the theoretical principles of their translation. It explores the linguistic, cultural, and pragmatic features of political terminology, emphasizing the influence of historical, ideological, and sociocultural factors on meaning. Particular attention is given to translation strategies, including equivalence, borrowing, calquing, and descriptive translation. The study highlights the importance of preserving semantic accuracy and cultural specificity in intercultural political communication.