Key result
Periodontitis severity links to higher oxidative stress and arterial stiffness in hypertensive renal transplant recipients.
Why the study?
Oxidative stress is suggested to regulate the relationship between periodontitis and endothelial dysfunction, while increased arterial stiffness contributes to the adverse cardiovascular profile of renal transplant recipients. This study sought to evaluate periodontitis incidence and severity in hypertensive renal transplant recipients and investigate correlations with oxidative stress, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure parameters.
Cross-Sectional (n=55)
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Severity of periodontitis was associated with arterial stiffness in hypertensive RTRs; leaves open causality and need for interventional trials.
Objective: The balance between oxidative stress (OS) and antioxidants is speculated to be associated with occurrence, severity, and progression of periodontal disease. Previous studies suggested that OS regulates the relationship between periodontitis and endothelial dysfunction. The increased arterial stiffness is a major pathophysiological player involved in the adverse cardiovascular profile of renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and graft survival due to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of periodontitis among RTRs suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) and to investigate possible correlation with OS arterial stiffness and blood pressure parameters regards severity of periodontitis. Design and method: A comprehensive medical and periodontal examination was performed and for each RTR and data were collected. To measure arterial pressure (both peripheral and central, systolic and diastolic) and parameters of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation Index (AIx)) Agedio B900 device was used. Oral periodontal status included full mouth plaque score (FMPS), full mouth bleeding score (FMBS), periodontal probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL), all measured at six sites of each tooth. Also, to measure Advanced Glycation End products (AGE) proteins in tissue the AGE Reader was used. Results: Out of 55 RTRs suffering from periodontitis, 45 (82%) had AH, out of which 9 (20%) were classified as periodontitis stage I (mild), 14 (31%) as stage II (moderate) and 22 (49%) as stage III and IV (severe). With the severity of periodontitis increasing, statistically significant increase was observed in parameters CAL and AGE (P < 0.001 and P = 0.045, respectively). In addition, CAL showed positive correlation with AGE and PWV (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Three groups of patients did not show any statistically significant difference in arterial blood pressure (both peripheral and central, systolic and diastolic). Conclusions: The results showed that incidence of periodontitis is high and that almost half of RTRs with AH had severe stage of periodontitis. Also, severity of periodontitis is correlated with markers of OS and arterial stiffens. Despite the small sample size, we showed that as periodontitis severity is increasing arterial stiffness is higher.
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Kovačević et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Renal transplant recipients with periodontitis and arterial hypertension (n=55). Periodontitis severity (stage III/IV severe vs stage I/II) vs. Mild (stage I) and moderate (stage II) periodontitis was evaluated on Correlation of periodontitis severity (clinical attachment loss) with oxidative stress (AGE) and arterial stiffness (PWV) (p=<0.001). Periodontitis severity in hypertensive renal transplant recipients correlated with higher AGE and clinical attachment loss correlated with AGE and PWV.
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