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SIMULATED, NOT MEASURED. A hip protector is priced as an effectiveness budget of three multiplied terms: pad attenuation (a stated two-stage bottoming-pad impact model converted to conditional fracture probability via a stated femoral-strength distribution), the fraction of falls landing directly on the trochanter (0.1632 per person-year), and a fall-weighted adherence schedule by time of day and user group including the night-time bathroom trip. At realistic adherence (0.455) the population fracture-risk reduction is 28.6% at $5,987 per fracture averted over five years including replacement and laundering; the protector needs 86.4% fall-weighted adherence to beat two-room impact-attenuating flooring on cost per fracture averted, but wins where flooring cannot act: outside treated rooms and outdoors. A protector unworn at the moment of the fall is exactly worthless.
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William Alexander Aldred (2026) studied this question.
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