Based on Material Interactions: An Ontological Study of Force and Energy

This paper conducts an ontological study of force and energy based on reproducible macroscopic physical experiments and engineering observations. By analyzing multiple closed‑loop, multi‑branch energy conversion chains covering chemistry, mechanics, electricity, light, heat, magnetism and fluid motion, this paper proposes that all forms of energy stem from a unified primordial motion‑effect entity defined as Primordial Motion Energy W. W depends entirely on material carrier clusters for existence and has two reversible stable states: locked Static Energy G and free‑flowing Dynamic Energy Y. Traditional classified energy forms are different observational manifestations produced by W‑transfer under different carrier‑cluster conditions. Force is not the fundamental primary cause of physical interactions, but a synchronously emergent observational manifestation in the course of cross‑carrier W‑transfer. Empirical conclusions are obtained from ground‑based macroscopic experimental chains, while ontological inferences involving gravitation and micro‑scales are theoretical extrapolations to be further verified by observations.