Key result
Bicuspid aortic valve tissue shows distinct proteomic alterations with ~42 more protein spots than tricuspid tissue.
Why the study?
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is an independent risk factor for aortic aneurysm formation, yet prior gene expression studies found no differences compared to tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) patients. This study investigated whether differences between BAV and TAV patients exist at the proteome level in human aortic samples.
Does bicuspid aortic valve status alter the aortic tissue proteome during ascending aortic aneurysm formation compared to tricuspid aortic valve in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement?
Observational (n=20)
Does bicuspid aortic valve status alter the aortic tissue proteome during ascending aortic aneurysm formation compared to tricuspid aortic valve in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement?
Proteomic analysis of human ascending aortic tissue demonstrates distinct protein expression profiles between bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valve patients, suggesting different molecular pathways in aneurysm formation.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Distinct proteomic profiles in bicuspid versus tricuspid aortic valves suggest different aneurysm pathways; hypothesis-generating and leaves open validation before clinical use.
Introduction: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is an independent risk factor for aortic aneurysm formation. Gene expression studies of aortic samples couldn't find differences to tricuspid valve patients (TAV). Histological examination showed some varieties between BAV and TAV. However, differences might be at the transcriptional/proteome level. We analyzed human aortic samples to reveal proteome alterations between patients with BAV and TAV. Methods: Samples were excised from patients undergoing aortic valve replacement with or without ascending aortic replacement; patients with a combined coronary artery bypass were excluded. 9 patients had a BAV: 5 showed an aortic aneurysm (diameter >50mm, group BA), 4 patients had no aneurysm (diameter <50mm, group BB). 11 patients had a TAV: 6 showed an aneurysm (group TA), 5 patients had no aneurysm (group TB). Aortic samples with a connective disorder or arteriosclerosis were excluded. Two dimensional (2-D) gelelectrophoresis was performed and analysed. Results: 2-D gels showed an average of 624 protein spots in the BAV group, and 582 spots in TAV group. Pattern analysis revealed 16 specific spot differences between aneurysmatic and non-aneurysmatic samples. Quantitative comparison showed 9 spots with a 10 fold difference in protein-expression between group BA and BB, 12 spots between group TA and TB and 5 spots between BA and TA. Protein specification using mass-spectrometry is under scrutiny. Conclusions: Proteome analysis revealed differences among ascending aortic tissue associated with BAV and TAV. Molecular processes in the course of ascending aneurysm formation might differ, at least in part, between patients with BAV and TAV.
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Matt et al. (2005) conducted an observational in Bicuspid or tricuspid aortic valve with or without ascending aortic aneurysm (n=20). Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with or without ascending aortic aneurysm (>50mm vs <50mm) vs. Tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) with or without ascending aortic aneurysm (>50mm vs <50mm) was evaluated on Average number of protein spots on two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Bicuspid aortic valve tissue showed an average of 624 protein spots vs 582 in tricuspid aortic valve tissue, with 16 spot differences between aneurysmatic and non-aneurysmatic samples.
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