Association between TyG‑BMI and repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) risk: exploratory stratification by glucose metabolism status

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case-Control. Population: Coronary heart disease post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (n=1020). Intervention: Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) vs. Lower continuous TyG-BMI levels / patients without repeat PCI. Primary outcome: Repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at any coronary site (OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.994-1.003, p=0.534).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Baseline triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is not independently associated with the risk of repeat percutaneous coronary intervention in coronary heart disease patients, regardless of glucose metabolism status. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Weiqiang Fei; Feng Yang; Yongbang Zhu; Yi'na Le; Shan Wang; Danxia Sun; Xiaoxu Zhang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0362761

November 11, 2026PLoS ONEOpen Access

Association between TyG‑BMI and repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) risk: exploratory stratification by glucose metabolism status

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Key result

Baseline TyG-BMI is not associated with repeat PCI risk in coronary heart disease patients.

OR 0.999
95% CI 0.994-1.003
P=0.534
n=1,020

Figures

Why the study?

The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) has been associated with CHD, motivating this evaluation of its association with repeat PCI risk among post-PCI patients across glucose-metabolism strata.

Does baseline TyG-BMI predict the risk of repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease after primary PCI across different glucose metabolism states?

Key Points

To investigate the association between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and the risk of repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease, with exploratory stratification by glucose metabolism status.
Retrospective case-control study analyzing health records from Yipeng Community Health Service Center (January 2015 to January 2025) of 1,020 coronary heart disease patients who underwent PCI.
Categorized patients into a case group with repeat PCI (n=453) and a control group without repeat PCI (n=567), with baseline stratification into normoglycemia (n=160), prediabetes (n=489), and diabetes (n=371).
Evaluated associations using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for confounding variables and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models.
Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated no significant independent association between continuous TyG-BMI and repeat PCI (OR = 0.999, 95% CI: 0.994 ~ 1.003, P = 0.534).
Stratified analyses across glucose metabolism groups (normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes) showed no statistically significant association between TyG-BMI and repeat PCI in any stratum (P > 0.05).

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=1,020)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does baseline TyG-BMI predict the risk of repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease after primary PCI across different glucose metabolism states?

P

Population

1,020 adults in China with coronary heart disease who underwent primary PCI (mean age 62.31 years, 50.9% female), excluding decedents, cancer, and chronic immunotherapy users, evaluated over a 10-year record period.

E

Exposure

Baseline preoperative triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), evaluated as a continuous exposure variable (calculated as ln[TG (mg/dl) × FBG (mg/dl) / 2] × BMI)

C

Comparator

Patients who did not experience repeat PCI (n=567) / continuous lower TyG-BMI values; stratified comparisons across normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes groups

O

Outcome

Repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), defined as any prior PCI performed at any coronary site after the index PCI procedure (not restricted to target-lesion or target-vessel revascularization; excluding CABG) between January 2015 and January 2025hard clinical

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 0.999 (95% CI 0.994–1.003)

p-value: p=0.534

Baseline TyG-BMI does not independently predict repeat PCI in CHD patients receiving standardized secondary prevention after primary PCI, suggesting it should not be used as a standalone risk-stratification tool for repeat revascularization.

Limitations

Survivor bias due to exclusion of patients who died in the past decade or in-hospital following PCI
Lack of data on stent type, lesion complexity, SYNTAX score, medication adherence, and inflammatory markers leading to residual confounding
Unavailable oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) data
Single-center retrospective case-control design
Survivor bias due to exclusion of patients who died in the past decade or in-hospital following primary PCI
Database lacks information on stent type, lesion complexity, SYNTAX score, medication adherence, and inflammatory markers, leading to residual confounding
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) data were not available
Retrospective single-center design

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Implication

TyG-BMI was not associated with repeat PCI risk post-PCI; should not yet inform risk stratification and leaves open prospective validation.

Abstract

Most patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD). The triglyceride glucose‑body mass index (TyG‑BMI) has been reported to be associated with CHD. This study aimed to investigate the association between TyG‑BMI and the risk of repeat PCI among post‑PCI patients, with additional exploratory stratification analyses according to glucose‑metabolism status. Data for this study were derived from resident health‑record follow‑up records of Yipeng Community Health Service Center, covering January 2015 to January 2025. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to evaluate the association between TyG‑BMI and the risk of repeat PCI among post‑PCI patients, with exploratory stratification by glucose‑metabolism status. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses showed no significant linear or nonlinear association between TyG‑BMI and repeat PCI ( OR =0.999, 95%CI :0.994 ~ 1.003, P = 0.534; nonlinear χ 2 = 0.91, df = 3, P = 0.8223). Stratified analyses by glucose metabolism status also revealed no significant correlation in any stratum( P > 0.05). No independent association between TyG‑BMI and repeat PCI was identified in post‑PCI patients, even within different glucose‑metabolism strata. Relevant findings require further verification in larger prospective cohorts.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Fei et al. (2026) conducted a case-control in Coronary heart disease post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (n=1,020). Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) vs. Lower continuous TyG-BMI levels / patients without repeat PCI was evaluated on Repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at any coronary site (OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.994-1.003, p=0.534). Baseline TyG-BMI showed no significant association with repeat PCI risk in post-PCI coronary heart disease patients.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6af5cd26a40bbe8669e89c3f https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0362761

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Association between TyG‑BMI and repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) risk: exploratory stratification by glucose metabolism status

Figures

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Association between TyG‑BMI and repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) risk: exploratory stratification by glucose metabolism status

Figures

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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