The fauna and ecological-biology features of the blood-sucking black flies in the conditions of the Rivne regio

The blood-sucking black flies (family Simuliidae) are a component of “gnus” and one of the most dangerous active ectoparasites of farm animals, causing significant damage to them.A massive attack of these insects in the spring leads to a decrease in cattle productivity.In the spring, a mass attack by these insects leads to a decrease in cattle productivity.Animals develop a disease (simuliidotoxicosis), described in the literature as an independent nosological entity, as a result of the ingestion of a significant amount of toxins along with saliva during blood-sucking black flies.In addition, blood-sucking black flies are specific and mechanical vectors, as well as reservoirs of pathogens of dangerous infections and invasions.