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Ukrainian in the United States is kept alive mainly by families and weekend schools.This article combines a synthesis of studies on family language policy and community heritage schools with American Community Survey estimates for 2010-2024.The population born in Ukraine rose from 355,000 in 2019 to 510,000 in 2024.Residents reporting "Ukrainian or other Slavic languages" at home, the narrowest category in the annual tables, increased by 65.5% to 533,000 after a decade without detectable change, partly perhaps because bilinguals now name Ukrainian rather than Russian; the share speaking English less than "very well" rose from 36.1% to 43.7%.Ukrainian ancestry grew by a quarter, mostly in 2022, when Russian ancestry fell, which points to re-identification as well as migration.In 2017-2021 Ukrainian made up about half of the language group.Studies agree that home use sustains speech and belonging but seldom literacy, while standard-only schooling may push children away.I propose an integrative linguacultural model in which family, school, mainstream education and community ties carry particular dimensions of language (semantic-pragmatic, poetic, identity), and family and school coordinate goals, home reading and writing, and their response to mixed speech.The model is offered as a set of testable propositions.
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Tetiana Klapatiuk (2026) studied this question.
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