Correlation of Triglyceride-Glucose Index with Hemoglobin A1C in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

This study examined the correlation between the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional analytical study included 60 patients with T2DM at Dr. M. Djamil Padang General Hospital. We examined triglyceride, fasting glucose, and HbA1c levels. We calculated the TyG Index using the formula. We analyzed the data using the Spearman correlation test, with statistical significance at p <0.05. Of the 60 participants, 32 (53,3%) were male, with a mean age of 56.9±7.5 years. The most prevalent duration of diabetes mellitus was 5-10 years, observed in 32 (53.5%) patients. The mean BMI was 26.25 (SD 2.30). The majority of the subjects had uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (HbA1c ≥7%), observed in 34 patients (56.6%). The median HbA1c was 7.8% (range: 5.1%- 14.8%), while the mean fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride levels, and TyG Index ​​were 166.3±58.9 mg/dL, 171.9±21.7 mg/dL, and 9.42±0.45, respectively. Results: The Spearman correlation test indicated a strong positive relationship between TyG Index and HbA1c (r = 0.680; p = 0.001), suggesting a significant association between TyG index and HbA1c in T2DM patients and making it a potential simple and inexpensive alternative for assessing glycemic control in T2DM patients.