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This study proposes Structural Cognitive Science as an interdisciplinary conceptual framework for understanding the universe, life, and intelligence through a common principle: structure. Modern science has achieved remarkable progress through specialization. However, cosmology, biology, and cognitive science have largely developed as separate disciplines, leaving the structural continuity between physical existence, biological organization, and intelligence insufficiently integrated. This study addresses that fragmentation by reconsidering these domains as different stages of a continuous process of structural formation, maintenance, transformation, and recognition. The central proposition is that the universe, life, intelligence, and science can be understood through four interconnected principles: Universe = StructureLife = Maintenance of StructureIntelligence = Recognition of StructureScience = Description of Structure Within this framework, the universe is interpreted as a dynamic system in which structures emerge and transform across multiple hierarchical scales. The study introduces Dynamic Mass Flow (DMF) as a proposed foundational mechanism for cosmic structure formation and circulation. Physical structures, biological self-organization, and cognitive processes are thereby examined as interconnected manifestations of a broader structural development. Life is characterized as a self-maintaining organization sustained through interactions with its environment. Intelligence is understood as the capacity to recognize relational patterns, construct internal models of reality, and revise those models through observation and verification. From this perspective, intelligence is not an observer external to the universe, but a structure that has emerged within it and acquired the ability to investigate the universe itself. The study further introduces Co-Intelligence, a collaborative research approach integrating human conceptual reasoning (H-Engine) and artificial intelligence (A-Engine). This approach expands the capacity to identify structural relationships across disciplinary boundaries, examine theoretical consistency, and reconstruct fragmented knowledge into more comprehensive conceptual models. Structural Cognitive Science is thus proposed not as a replacement for established scientific disciplines, but as an integrative framework connecting their findings through structural relationships. By examining both the structure of the universe and the cognitive structures through which it is understood, this study establishes the conceptual foundations of a research program aimed at integrating cosmology, life science, cognitive science, and the philosophy of science. The present work constitutes an introductory theoretical proposal. Its further development requires clearer formalization of structural principles, interdisciplinary comparison, and systematic evaluation of the proposed relationships. https://orcid.
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Takafumi Matsuoka (2026) studied this question.
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