The Geometric Quantum Space: The origin of the matter excess in the universe from the geometry of the quantum space

Why does the universe contain matter but almost no antimatter? Today there is one nucleon for about 1.6 billion photons of the cosmic microwave background, and primordial antimatter is absent altogether. The standard picture assumes that matter and antimatter were produced in almost equal amounts in the Big Bang and annihilated down to a remainder of one part in a billion. Where this remainder comes from is unexplained: known physics cannot account for it, and every proposed explanation requires particles that have never been observed, temperatures far beyond anything measurable, or a violation of mirror symmetry larger than the one measured. In the Geometric Quantum Space, space is not a passive stage but an active medium: a field carried by a gap-free network of identical cells. Each cell is a truncated octahedron with an edge length of one Planck length, consists of the electromagnetic field, and is coupled to its neighbours through six square and eight hexagonal faces. Electromagnetic radiation (light) is an open wave in this network, matter a closed resonance. In finished space, resonance and counter-resonance are always created in pairs; this is why every particle accelerator produces matter and antimatter in equal amounts. In the Big Bang, by contrast, space is only being formed, and this rule does not yet apply. The network chooses a sense of rotation once, just as a sodium chlorate crystal grows left- or right-handed, and passes it on to every new cell. Where enough cells have formed, resonances close: the partner that matches the chosen sense of rotation becomes matter; the counter-resonance enters the building of the cells. Antimatter in nearly equal amounts does not arise; only in about one case in ten are the roles reversed. The closing rate follows Eyring's transition-state kinetics, with a threshold of two nucleon masses and 576 ways of closing given by spin, isospin and the 36 edges of the cell. Without any fitted number, matter freezes out at 37.6 MeV, leaving 6.07 × 10^-10 nucleons per photon; the measured value is (6.12 ± 0.04) × 10^-10. In the finished network the number of nucleons is topologically conserved; the proton never decays. The handedness dissolves after the network has closed; proton and antiproton are identical today, as all measurements show. No new particles are required. Since the network and matter close in the same process, the model further implies that no permanent three-dimensional space exists above 37.6 MeV, so the universe never had a higher temperature. This is a testable prediction. Version 2 of the preprint. Compared with version 1, which was submitted to the International Journal of Modern Physics D, this version explains in more detail where the sense of rotation of the network comes from, states the rule that resonance and counter-resonance cannot occupy the same cell, gives the reasons why the counter-resonance builds cells instead of annihilating, and states more precisely what the energy balance covers. The calculation and all numerical results are unchanged. A German reading version (corresponding to version 1) is included.