Outcomes of a Novel Learning Health System Training Model for Rehabilitation Researchers

Introduction The Learning Health Systems Rehabilitation Research Network (LeaRRn) was developed with NIH funding to build Learning Health System (LHS) capacity in rehabilitation. This manuscript describes the LeaRRn LHS Scholar program, summarizes evaluation findings from the first three Scholar cohorts, and offers recommendations for future LHS training programs. Methods We conducted a parallel convergent mixed methods analysis of program assessments completed by 18 Scholars, 12 mentors, and nine health system partners. Descriptive statistical analyses were used to describe structured survey responses. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to identify major codes and associated themes in the data. Qualitative and quantitative findings were then triangulated to inform recommendations for future LHS research training programs. Results The LeaRRn LHS Scholar program advanced LHS capacity for both health systems and researchers. Most Scholars addressed a health system priority topic with work that would lead to improvements in care. LeaRRn supported health system partners to develop as a LHS. Most Scholars developed in five or more of AHRQ's LHS research competencies. Barriers to Scholar work included: challenges co‐designing feasible projects with limited time and resources; engaging with complex health systems that have evolving needs and competing demands; and difficulty accessing and using health system data. Facilitators of Scholar work included: strong engagement with the health system and alignment with its priorities; and active mentors with relevant research or LHS expertise. Program successes included: scholarly products, continuing partnerships, and increased capacity and appetite for further LHS work. Conclusions The LeaRRn LHS Scholar program evaluation yielded insights that can be used to develop or strengthen future LHS training programs. This paper provides recommendations related to: program length, support, and structure; applicant selection; health system partnerships; mentoring; training expectations; health system navigation; health system financial support; administrative program support; and peer‐learning opportunities.