FIGURE 6 from Role of Gut Microbiome in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Urothelial Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Prospective Cohort Evaluation

Longitudinal microbiota analysis in a murine model exposed to BBN versus water. A, Shannon diversity index measures across different timepoints (0, 6, 12, 16–22 weeks) showing changes in alpha diversity in mice treated with BBN compared with those given water. Each point represents a time-specific diversity score, providing insights into the temporal dynamics of microbial diversity. B, PCoA plot of beta diversity based on Weighted UniFrac distances, illustrating the microbial community variations over time between BBN-treated and control groups. Significant differences are highlighted, demonstrating the impact of BBN exposure on microbial community structure. C, LDA scores quantifying the effect sizes of differentially abundant taxa between the BBN and water groups at each assessed timepoint. This visualization identifies specific taxa that are significantly impacted by BBN treatment. D, Bar graphs of the relative abundances of key bacterial taxa at different timepoints for BBN-treated versus water-treated mice. This detailed breakdown provides a clearer understanding of how specific bacterial populations fluctuate in response to carcinogen exposure. E, Relative abundance profiles of major bacterial genera across all timepoints, comparing BBN and water treatments. F, Fluctuation patterns of Bacteroides prevalence in the BBN and water groups, plotted across the study duration. G, Temporal trajectories of various bacterial OTUs between BBN and water groups, providing a longitudinal view of microbial changes and stability in response to treatment.