On the Nature of the Interaction of Radiationand Non-Radiation Factors of Space Flight in Neurobiological Effects in Their Combined Effect on Animals in Model Experiments

Currently, sufficient experimental data have been obtained indicating significant violations of the functions of the central nervous system (CNS) at all levels of its organization caused by exposure to heavy ions in doses comparable to those potentially possible during a Martian mission. An extremely important and, at the same time, the least studied problem is the neurobiological effects of the combined action of ionizing radiation and non-radiative factors of spaceflight, in particular, the most important of them-microgravity. Analyzing the neurobiological effects of the interaction of simulated microgravity (ANS) and ionizing radiation, we found their complex nature: at all levels of the central nervous system organization (from molecular to integrative), both synergistic and antagonistic relationships were observed under the combined in fluence of these factors. The possibility of the antagonistic nature of the interaction of these PCF data was a very unexpected effect that requires further research. It can be concluded that the neurobiological effects of the interaction of ANS and ionizing radiation with their synchronous combined action are complex, which we called interference, by analogy with the physical phenomenon of interference, showing synergistic or antagonistic effects, or the appearance of new effects in relation to behavior, metabolism of monoamines and molecular mechanisms. It is possible that the manifestation of this kind of interaction may lead to the leveling of negative consequences from the effects of these factors.