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December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

Persistent microbiome dysbiosis following hematopoietic cell transplantation: Gut GvHD as the most severe manifestation of microbial disruption

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Authors

HHHasan HashemMSMayada Abu ShanapEKEman Khattab

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Overview

Analyses show dysbiosis in the gut microbiome after hematopoietic cell transplantation, indicating gut GvHD correlates with microbial disruption.

Key Points

  • To investigate the microbiome changes following hematopoietic cell transplantation, particularly related to gut GvHD.
  • Analyzed 385 fecal samples from 83 transplant patients and 74 healthy controls
  • Used 16S rRNA gene sequencing
  • Calculated inverse Simpson diversity and performed beta diversity analysis
  • Applied mixed-effects models to assess recovery trajectories
  • Transplant patients showed a 33.6-fold reduction in gut microbiome diversity compared to controls
  • No significant recovery in diversity over 100 days, remaining at 3% of control levels
  • Gut GvHD patients exhibited the lowest median diversity, significantly worse than other GvHD types
  • Identified loss of 59 beneficial taxa and only 2 increased in transplant patients
  • Overall GvHD severity correlated with diversity loss, indicating severe microbiome disruption.

Cite This Study

Hashem et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69362f714fa91c937236e1a4https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-2465
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Microbiome Signature Linked to the Development and Management of Intestinal Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation2025
  2. 2Early gut microbiome metabolites and diversity predict GVHD-free survival after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation2026
  3. 3Alteration of Gut Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Acute and/or Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Prospective Cohort Study2024 · 12 citations
  4. 4The gut microbiome in graft-versus-host disease: mechanisms of immune modulation and therapeutic approaches2026
  5. 5Gut Microbiome‐Immune Interactions During Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: From Conditioning to <scp>GvHD</scp> Prevention2026