Key result
MAC surpasses rheumatic disease as the leading cause of mitral stenosis in developed countries.
Design
Review
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MAC now predominates in mitral stenosis etiology; challenges rheumatic consensus while leaving diagnostic thresholds and interventions open.
Dhont et al. (2026) studied this question. Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is now the leading cause of mitral stenosis in developed countries, surpassing rheumatic disease due to its clinical impact on valve dysfunction and cardiovascular r.
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