What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim was to evaluate serum IL1R2 as a novel biomarker for diagnosing and predicting outcomes in sepsis.

February 2, 2026Open Access

Evaluating the role of serum IL1R2 as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognostic stratification in sepsis

YWYusheng WangChinese People's Liberation Army YWYuxian WuChinese People's Liberation Army ZJZeping JiangNaval Medical Research Command

Key Points

The aim was to evaluate serum IL1R2 as a novel biomarker for diagnosing and predicting outcomes in sepsis.
Conducted a retrospective analysis at a single center.
Involved 55 sepsis patients and 42 non-sepsis controls.
Measured serum IL1R2 levels via ELISA within 24 hours of admission.
Assessed diagnostic performance using ROC curve analysis.
Examined prognostic utility through Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Sepsis patients had significantly higher serum IL1R2 levels than controls.
IL1R2 showed strong diagnostic power with an AUC of 0.908, outperforming PCT and CRP.
Higher IL1R2 levels correlated with increased SOFA scores and predicted worse 28-day survival.
In the CLP model, IL1R2 levels increased within 4 hours, peaked at 24 hours, and returned to baseline by day 3.

Abstract

Abstract Objective This study aimed to identify novel sepsis biomarkers by evaluating serum interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) for its diagnostic and prognostic utility, in light of the limitations of current markers like PCT and CRP. Methods A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted involving 55 sepsis patients and 42 non-sepsis controls. Serum IL1R2 levels, measured via ELISA within 24 h of admission, were compared against clinical data, including SOFA scores, 28-day mortality, and laboratory parameters (PCT, CRP). Diagnostic performance was assessed using ROC curve analysis, while prognostic utility was determined via Kaplan–Meier analysis. A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used to track IL1R2 dynamics over time. Results Sepsis patients exhibited significantly elevated serum IL1R2 levels compared to controls. IL1R2 demonstrated strong diagnostic power (AUC = 0.908), outperforming PCT and CRP. Furthermore, higher IL1R2 levels correlated with increased SOFA scores and predicted poorer 28-day survival. In the CLP model, serum IL1R2 rose within 4 h post-sepsis, peaked within 24 h, returned to baseline by day 3, and fell below normal by day 7. Conclusion Serum IL1R2 is a promising biomarker, offering a superior ability to correlate with disease severity and predict 28-day mortality.

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