Characteristics of surgical and drug therapy for cardiac patients hospitalized in the Federal Medical Research Center

Objective. To study the structure and characteristics of surgical care and pharmaceutical therapy in cardiac patients hospitalized in Federal Specialized Medical Center. Materials and methods. An analysis of data from the first stage of prospective 8-year study with endpoints tracking was carried out. The total number of patients equal 3726 (1867 women, 1859 men) were admitted to the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine in 2016, of whom 666 repeatedly sought medical attention. The age range for men was 18—100 years, for women — 18—98 years. Patients’ records from the archives of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine were used as a main data source. Results. Ischemic heart disease accounted for 40% among the main diseases, there were 1.7 times more men than women (p<0.001). Heart rhythm disorder was the cause of hospitalization in 53.1% of cases, cardiac conduction disorder — in 16.1% of cases, or three times less frequently. Coronary angioplasty was performed in 16.8% of cases in 2016. One stent in the coronary artery was placed most often (10.4%), the frequency of two and three stents placement was 3—4 times lower. Additionally, nine types of radiofrequency ablation were performed to correct arrhythmias in a total of 18.2% of hospitalized patients. The frequency of statin therapy prescription was 70.5%. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers were the second most frequently prescribed medication accounting for 67%. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors including in combination with other medications were prescribed in 55.3% of cases. Sartans including in combination with other medications were used in 25.2% of cases. Every second patient received an antiplatelet therapy including in combination, and their prescription frequency was higher in men than in women (p<0.001). Anticoagulant therapy was received by every third patient and there were no gender differences. It should be noted that 14% of patients received hypoglycemic therapy. Conclusion. Surgical interventions were performed in approximately 40% of hospitalized patients. The amounts of stenting and radiofrequency ablation performed during a year were comparable. Men were more likely to undergo revascularization and more often took pharmacological therapy for the underlying disease, whereas the frequency of surgical treatment for arrhythmia did not differ by gender.