Universal definition and classification of heart failure: a report of the Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, Japanese Heart Failure Society and Writing Committee of the Universal Definition of Heart Failure
Design
Consensus report and definition proposal
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
May facilitate consistent HF classification in practice; leaves open prospective validation of HFimpEF and revised stages.
Key Points
- The aim is to establish a universally accepted definition and classification system for heart failure that enhances clinical understanding and management.
- Proposed a universal definition of heart failure as a clinical syndrome based on symptoms, signs, and objective evidence.
- Introduced revised staging for heart failure: Stage A (At risk), Stage B (Pre-HF), Stage C (Symptomatic), Stage D (Advanced).
- Classified heart failure according to left ventricular ejection fraction: HFrEF, HFmrEF, HFpEF, and HFimpEF.
- Defined heart failure as a syndrome linked to structural and functional cardiac abnormalities and corroborated by elevated natriuretic peptide levels.
- Established four stages of heart failure, facilitating early identification and treatment pathways.
- Classifications based on left ventricular ejection fraction provide clarity for diagnosis and management strategies.
Cite This Study
Bozkurt et al. (2021) studied this question.