What question did this study set out to answer?

The central aim is to evaluate the impact of imaging-detected extranodal extension (iENE) on patient outcomes in head and neck cancer.

Imaging-Detected Extranodal Extension in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Evidence, Standardized Grading, and Clinical Implications

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Review summarizes imaging-detected ENE's prognostic role in head and neck cancer, indicating its clinical relevance.

The central aim is to evaluate the impact of imaging-detected extranodal extension (iENE) on patient outcomes in head and neck cancer.
Reviewed recent studies and meta-analyses on iENE.
Analyzed interobserver variability and imaging criteria.
Discussed revisions to the AJCC staging system regarding iENE.
iENE shows independent association with poorer outcomes in nasopharyngeal and HPV-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma.
Incorporation of iENE into the AJCC N3 category enhances prognostic accuracy.
Standardization efforts for iENE grading aim to reduce variability and improve clinical application.

Lee et al. (2026) studied this question.

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