Key result
Chemotherapy rechallenge succeeds without recurrent major events in a case of 5-fluorouracil-induced severe acute myocarditis.
Why the study?
Severe manifestations of fluoropyrimidine cardiotoxicity such as myocarditis are rare, and chemotherapy rechallenge after cardiotoxicity is generally discouraged.
Is chemotherapy rechallenge safe in a patient with prior severe acute 5-fluorouracil-induced myocarditis?
Population
A 30-year-old man with unresectable rectal adenocarcinoma and 5-fluorouracil-induced acute myocarditis
Comparison
Chemotherapy rechallenge under continuous monitoring after multidisciplinary evaluation
Design
Case report
Authors
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Multidisciplinary cardio-oncology assessment may allow 5-FU rechallenge after myocarditis; leaves open broader application pending prospective validation.
Case Report (n=1)
Is chemotherapy rechallenge safe in a patient with prior severe acute 5-fluorouracil-induced myocarditis?
Chemotherapy rechallenge with 5-fluorouracil may be feasible in carefully selected patients who previously developed severe acute myocarditis, provided there is multidisciplinary cardio-oncology management.
Greco et al. (2026) conducted a case report in 5-fluorouracil-induced acute myocarditis (n=1). 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX-6) rechallenge was evaluated on Recurrence of major adverse events. A 30-year-old man with 5-fluorouracil-induced severe acute myocarditis successfully underwent chemotherapy rechallenge without recurrence of major adverse events.
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