Key result
HF exercise intolerance results from impaired cardiac reserve, aging, pulmonary dysfunction, and skeletal muscle abnormalities.
Why the study?
Exercise intolerance is the cardinal symptom of heart failure associated with poor quality of life and increased mortality, driven by multisystem dysfunction beyond impaired cardiac reserve alone.
Exercise intolerance in heart failure is a multifactorial symptom driven by both cardiac and extra-cardiac multisystem dysfunctions.
Multisystem dysfunction drives exercise intolerance in HF; leaves open targeted therapies beyond cardiac reserve for clinicians and trials.
Exercise intolerance is the cardinal symptom of heart failure (HF) and is of crucial relevance, because it is associated with a poor quality of life and increased mortality. While impaired cardiac reserve is considered to be central in HF, reduced exercise and functional capacity are the result of key patient characteristics and multisystem dysfunction, including aging, impaired pulmonary reserve, as well as peripheral and respiratory skeletal muscle dysfunction. We herein review the different modalities to quantify exercise intolerance, the pathophysiology of HF, and comorbid conditions as they lead to reductions in exercise and functional capacity, highlighting the fact that distinct causes may coexist and variably contribute to exercise intolerance in patients with HF.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Buono et al. (2019) conducted a review in Heart failure. Exercise intolerance in heart failure is a multifactorial condition resulting from impaired cardiac reserve, aging, pulmonary dysfunction, and skeletal muscle abnormalities.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: