Female sex is associated with a better long-term survival in patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure
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Discussion
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Implication
Women hospitalized for HF had better survival than men; leaves open whether sex informs risk stratification in modern cohorts.
Key Points
- To evaluate whether long-term mortality risk differs between men and women hospitalized with congestive heart failure.
- Analyzed survival data from 5,491 consecutive patients (40% female) hospitalized for congestive heart failure across 34 Danish hospitals between 1993 and 1996.
- Followed patients for 5 to 8 years and evaluated mortality using age-adjusted and multivariate regression models controlling for baseline clinical characteristics.
- During 5 to 8 years of follow-up, 1,569 women (72%) and 2,386 men (72%) died.
- After adjusting for age, male sex was associated with an increased risk of mortality (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.17–1.34), a finding confirmed in multivariate analysis.
- Female patients were older with less ischemic heart disease and greater preserved left ventricular systolic function, but received ACE inhibitors less frequently than men.
Cite This Study
Finn Gustafsson (2004) studied this question.