Key result
Sedentary lifestyle is linked to ~152% greater CAVD risk, alongside diabetes, high BMI, and hypertension.
Why the study?
Calcific aortic valve disease may be linked to explicit risk factors, but little was known regarding these factors in the Afghan population.
Case-Control (n=1,072)
Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including sedentary lifestyle, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, are independently associated with calcific aortic valve disease in the Afghan population.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May inform CAVD risk stratification in Afghans; extends prior associations but remains hypothesis-generating.
Objective: Evidence from previous studies suggests that calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is not an unavoidable consequence of aging, and may be linked to explicit risk factors. However, little is known regarding the Afghan population in this context. The current study aimed to identify the clinical features of CAVD and determine independent risk factors for CAVD in the Afghan population. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 1072 Afghan participants (age > 18 years) from January 2018 to December 2020. The study participants were divided into two groups based on echocardiographic findings: 536 individuals with CAVD and 536 age- and sex-matched controls. Data were collected using questionnaires from the medical records of all cases and controls. The independent predictors of CAVD were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean age of study participants was 65.3 ± 13.5 years (range, 20– 100 years). Of the 536 patients with CAVD, 77 (14.4%) had aortic valve stenosis, 415 (77.4%) had aortic valve calcification, and 44 (8.2%) had bicuspid aortic valve. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that sedentary lifestyle (odds ratio [OR] = 2.517, p = 003), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.902, p = 006), high body mass index (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) (OR = 1.776, p = 005), good socioeconomic status (OR = 1.724, p = 021), and hypertension (OR = 1.664, p ˂0.001) were independent risk factors for CAVD in the Afghan population. Conclusion: It was observed that sedentary lifestyle, diabetes mellitus, high BMI (≥ 30 kg/m 2 ), good socioeconomic status, and hypertension are independent risk factors for the development of CAVD compared to those with a normal aortic valve in the Afghan population.
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Sherzad et al. (2022) conducted a case-control in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) (n=1,072). Risk factors vs. Age- and sex-matched controls was evaluated on Independent predictors of CAVD. Sedentary lifestyle, diabetes, high BMI, good socioeconomic status, and hypertension were independent risk factors for CAVD.
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